- United the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland (previously in personal union) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland with effect from 1 January 1801.
- Ireland was affected by (after 1795) increasing incidents of sectarian violence, France was enlisted to help Ireland become free from England’s control, Protestants formed the Orange to safeguard Protestantism in Ireland which almost solved the problem, but believed that if Ireland people gained rights or their independence then they would make Ireland an enemy with England. They decided to make the Act of Union which tie Ireland to Great Britain.
- A new flag - the Union Jack - was created for it which had components from the flags of each member state.
- All regional parliaments were abolished, and instead the entire UK was to be ruled from a centralized London parliament.
- It meant the Irish government representatives could not pass laws on their own
- The flag created as a consequence of the union of Great Britain and Ireland in 1800 still remains flag of United Kingdom; combined of St. Georges Cross Whales and the St. Andrew’s Saltire of Scotland with St. Patrick’s Saltire Ireland
How did it affect Ireland?
- Ireland was to be joined to Great Britain into a single kingdom, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
- the Anglican Church was to be recognized as the official Church of Ireland.
- there was to be free trade between Ireland and Britain.
- Ireland was to keep a separate Exchequer and was to be responsible for two-seventeenths of the general expense of the United Kingdom.
- Ireland kept its own Courts of Justice and civil service.
- no Catholics were to be allowed to hold public office.
- there was to be no Catholic Emancipation.
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